Collection and valorisation of urban biowaste: Tools and resources for cities and regions
Biowaste (i.e. food and garden waste) is a key waste stream in the transition towards a circular economy. This manual provides tools and resources for cities and regions looking to better collect and valorise biowaste.
Circular strategies, Collection, Households, Incentives, OFMSW, Pilot projects, Pretreatment, Sorting, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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Engaging stakeholders for the urban bioeconomy: Tools and resources for cities and regions
This first Virtual Academy handbook provides an introduction to the topic of Stakeholder Engagement and presents the tools and resources available to cities and regions on the topic
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science, Households, Stakeholder engagement
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LIFE BIOBEST Country Factsheets on the analysis of communication and engagement practices
The primary objective of these factsheets is to highlight the significance of behavioural factors in enhancing engagement in effective bio-waste management models.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science, Consumer acceptance, Households, Stakeholder engagement
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LIFE BIOBEST Guideline to promote quality compost and digestate
The guideline focusses on the material recycling of bio-waste, aiming at supporting the set-up of processes for the production of high-quality compost and digestate and introduces the current EU framework and the ECN quality assurance scheme.
Collection, OFMSW, Valorisation technologies
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LIFE BIOBEST Guideline on the separate collection of bio-waste
This guideline aims at summarising the key aspects that have to be considered when implementing a separate collection scheme for bio-waste and, in particular, for kitchen waste.
Collection, Households, OFMSW
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LIFE BIOBEST Best Practice cases on bio-waste collection
A set of best practices cases from different EU Member States and for a range of regional, urban or rural settlements is presented in this document.
Collection, Households, OFMSW, Sorting
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Urban Circular Bioeconomy Webinar Series 2 | Engaging Stakeholders for the Urban Bioeconomy
Discover strategies to engage stakeholders and involve citizens in decision-making for the urban bioeconomy. Featuring speakers Felix Schumacher from CSCP and Giorgio Barbato from Science for Change.
Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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Urban Circular Bioeconomy Webinar Series 2 | Collection and Valorisation of Urban Biowaste
Learn about cutting-edge technologies for bio-product production from biowaste and wastewater, from municipal representatives implementing innovative technologies in their territories: Elisa Gambuzzi, CETENMA, and Dr. Christoph Baumann, awm Abfallwirtschaftsbetriebe Münster.
Circular strategies, Collection, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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Outcome reports of the codesigned Citizen Science Interventions
A Citizen Science program utilizing the gamified App HOOP Trainers was achieved to collaboratively identify and advance more efficient sorting, collection, and recycling systems, with a particular emphasis on the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW).
Citizen science
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HOOP Trainers Report: Western Macedonia Region outcomes
Study Results of a Citizen Science program applied in the region of Western Macedonia to gain a deeper understanding of the citizens’ perspectives on biowaste separation, their acceptance of products derived from it, and their proposals for building a more circular region.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science
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HOOP Trainers Report: outcomes obtained in Murcia
Study Results of a Citizen Science program applied in Murcia to gain a deeper understanding of the citizens’ perspectives on biowaste separation, their acceptance of products derived from it, and their proposals for building a more circular city.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science
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HOOP Trainers Report: Region of Lazio outcomes
Study Results of a Citizen Science program applied in the Region of Lazio to gain a deeper understanding of the citizens’ perspectives on biowaste separation, their acceptance of products derived from it, and their proposals for building a more circular region.
Behaviour change, Circular strategies, Citizen awareness
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Report on the education and awareness raising & acceptance activities
The deliverable reports on pilot actions carried out to optimize separate waste collection, foster behavior change, and cultivate acceptance of biowaste derived products. A selection of pilot actions were designed to bridge the gap between current practices and best methodologies.
Citizen science, Stakeholder engagement
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Engagement activities implemented through the Biowaste Clubs in the Lighthouse Cities and Regions
Throughout the first three years of the HOOP project, BCMs were attended by 790 stakeholders across all eight LHs. One trend that emerges when looking at the engagement activities in the eight Lighthouses together is the focus on citizens as a key target group for stakeholder engagement.
Stakeholder engagement
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HOOP Trainers Report: outcomes obtained in Münster
Study Results of a Citizen Science program applied in Münster to gain a deeper understanding of the citizens’ perspectives on biowaste separation, their acceptance of products derived from it, and their proposals for building a more circular region.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science
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Advancing the circular bioeconomy in the Region of Lazio through co-creation
Results of two co-creation Biowaste Club Meetings in Lazio to co-produce improvement proposals through the analysis of the HOOP Trainers’ challenges.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science, Stakeholder engagement
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Advancing the circular bioeconomy in Murcia through co-creation
Results of two co-creation Biowaste Club Meetings in Murcia to co-produce improvement proposals through the analysis of the HOOP Trainers’ challenges.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science, Stakeholder engagement
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Advancing the circular bioeconomy in Western Macedonia
Results of two co-creation Biowaste Club Meetings in Western Macedonia to co-produce improvement proposals through the analysis of the HOOP Trainers’ challenges.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Citizen science, Stakeholder engagement
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Food waste and social acceptance of a circular bioeconomy: the role of stakeholders
To be socially accepted widely, circular bioeconomy needs to rely on residual bio-based feedstock and waste. First successful experiences have shown that the involvement of different stakeholders is a key enabler of the process.
Behaviour change, Circular business models, Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR Project - Best practices for biowaste management
The SCALIBUR Project collected best practices on different topic related to biowaste management: among them, collection, transport, and social awareness.
Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Collection, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement, Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR Project - The Biowaste Hub
The Biowaste Hub – a new social network and professional platform for digitally connecting all the players in the biowaste management value chain, such as: collectors, municipalities, energy providers, sorters, research centres, private companies.
Circular business models, Circular strategies, Stakeholder engagement, Valorisation technologies
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Key factors for the successful implementation of urban biowaste selective collection schemes
This agreement provides guidance for the implementation of biowaste selective collection schemes, and paves the way to increase citizen engagement, as this is crucial for the successful implementation of urban biowaste selective collection schemes.
Citizen awareness, Collection, Stakeholder engagement, Valorisation technologies
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VALUEWASTE Project - EU Policy on biowaste management: a review
This report provides an overview on the current European biowaste policy framework and related management practices: separated collection efficiency, disposal and valorisation methods, and recycled amounts.
Collection, Valorisation technologies
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HOOP Project - Novel Circular Business Models applied in the value chain of bio-waste valorisation
This report focuses on the identification of CBMs for bio-waste valorisation and the development of a CBM typology, which will be able to incorporate also other business cases of bio-waste valorisation in the future.
Circular business models, Valorisation technologies
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Fortifying Social Acceptance for Circular Economy Business Models on Biowaste Products
This study by the WASTEWATER Project, engaging citizens, consumers, producers, and policy makers, provides insights into what is important for the social acceptance of new protein sources for food, feed, and recycled fertilisers from bio-waste in the Murcia and Kalundborg city regions.
Behaviour change, Circular business models, Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Pilot projects, Valorisation technologies
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Unlocking New Value from Urban Biowaste: LCA of the VALUEWASTE Biobased Products
VALUEWASTE offers a sustainable solution to transform biowaste into added-value bioproducts. This study focused on the environmental impacts linked to obtaining these bioproducts, performing a LCA and using the Environmental Footprint methodology.
Circular strategies, Valorisation technologies
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HOOP Project stakeholder engagement & citizen awareness
This presentation showcases the stakeholder engagement and citizen awareness strategies and actions put in place by the HOOP Project on biowaste value chain.
Citizen awareness, Collection, Consumer acceptance, Sorting, Stakeholder engagement
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ULTIMATE Project Playbook on Stakeholder Engagement
This playbook comes provides a citizen participation playbook with instructions, protocols and guidelines for designing and implementing the immersive experience to create economic value and increase sustainability by valorising resources within the water cycle. .
Citizen awareness, Stakeholder engagement, Wastewater
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WaysTUP Project Local Engagement Plans for change in the collection of local biowaste
A behavioural change approach for the collection of urban biowaste and usage of biowaste derived products with citizens & communities.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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WaysTUP! Project Toolkit: intervention for change in the collection of urban biowaste
This report by the WaysTUP project focuses on defining, designing and implementing a behavioural change approach for the collection of urban biowaste and usage of bio-based derived products with citizens and communities.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Pilot projects, Stakeholder engagement
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Water in the Circular Economy policy development
Based on the outcomes of Water Projects Europe, the European Commission published the ‘Water in the Circular Economy policy development’ Report presenting how Horizon 2020–projects can contribute to EU legislation on the topic.
Circular strategies, Pilot projects, Wastewater
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Zero Waste Europe_How to best collect bio-waste
Guidance for municipalities on the best-performing methods to separately collect bio-waste.
Collection, Households, OFMSW, Stakeholder engagement
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HOOP project_Webinar Selective Collection of Urban Biowaste
Soon to be a requirement across the EU, separate collection of urban biowaste is a prerequisite for the implementation of urban bioeconomy. In this webinar technical experts and municipal representatives discuss common pitfalls and good practices for collecting a high quality organic fraction.
Collection, Sorting
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HOOP project_Webinar Selective Collection of Urban Biowaste
Soon to be a requirement across the EU, separate collection of urban biowaste is a prerequisite for the implementation of urban bioeconomy. In this webinar technical experts and municipal representatives discuss common pitfalls and good practices for collecting a high quality organic fraction.
Collection, Sorting, Valorisation technologies
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HOOP project_Webinar Safety and acceptance of biobased products
Creating new products from (bio)waste naturally raises some questions related to safety. And are consumers ready to embrace products made from waste? These are the topics of this webinar co-organised by the projects WaysTUP!, SCALIBUR, HOOP and ValueWaste.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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HOOP project_Insect larvae farmed on biowaste or agri-food by-products
Some insects can be safely included in feed and food formulations. Species like Tenebrio Molitor and Hermetia Illucensis are farmed with different substrates. Their bodies provide high-quality nutrients and chitin with a much lower environmental impact than traditional value chain processes.
Valorisation technologies
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HOOP project_Nutrients recovered from residual dewatering liquid from anaerobic digestion
Struvite (MgNHPO4·H2O) and ammonium sulphate [(NH4)2SO4] are compounds used as fertilizers and they can be recovered from residual dewatering liquid of anaerobic digestion.
OFMSW, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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HOOP project_Volatile fatty acids from acidogenic digestion of solid biowaste
Volatile fatty acids such as acetic, propionic or butyric acids are used for many applications in the chemical and petrochemical industry. Currently, they are mainly obtained from petrochemical resources, but they can be also produced from organic wastes through acidogenic digestion.
Valorisation technologies
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HOOP project_Fermentation of used cooking oils (UCOs)
Waste cooking oil is a rich carbon source for bacteria, which is utilized in their metabolism to synthesize the fully biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible P3HB (a Polyhydroxyalkanoate - PHA). It has applications in cosmetics, biomedicine, packaging, agriculture and in 3D printing.
Collection, Valorisation technologies
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HOOP project_Webinar Technologies for urban biowaste and wastewater valorisation
Many innovative processes are currently under development to valorise the Organic Fraction of Municipal Waste (OFMSW) and Urban Wastewater Sludge (UWWS) into added-value products. This webinar highlights some of the most promising technologies currently emerging from EU-funded research projects.
Valorisation technologies
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HOOP project_Guidance for the organisation of National Replication Workshops
This report is one of the outputs of the HOOP project and it aims at guiding the Lighthouses cities in the organisation of National Replication Workshops. The guide can be adapted and replicated in every context and sector.
Stakeholder engagement
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HOOP project_What is a Biowaste Club?
Biowaste Clubs are dialogue platforms that bring together stakeholders involved in the biowaste valuechain. They exchange and together develop a shared vision for how their city can become more circular.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Stakeholder engagement
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HOOP project_Webinar stakeholder engagement & citizen awareness
Updating an entire (bio)waste value chain requires the buy-in and long-term commitment of all stakeholders involved. This webinar focuses on strategies for engaging these stakeholders, changing mindsets and behaviour, and establishing local leadership.
Behaviour change, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR project_How Lund became a circular economy pioneer
Back in the 1990’s, 60% of waste went to landfill in the Swedish city of Lund. Today it’s less than 2%, and the region is a pioneer of the burgeoning circular economy. How did they do it?
Behaviour change, Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Collection, Sorting
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City Loops_Apeldoorn (The Netherlands): Optimised Implementation Plan – Biowaste
Apeldoorn collects over 56,000 tonnes of household waste yearly, around 38% of which is bio-waste. Within CityLoops, the municipality aims to further investigate how to process and/or collect biomass and introduce new processing methods and business models.
Circular business models, Collection, Pilot projects, Sorting, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies
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City Loops_Seville (Spain): Optimised Implementation Plan – Biowaste
Seville aims to divert as much waste from landfill as possible and instead use the bio-waste fractions of municipal solid waste for higher value purposes. The diagnosis and characterisation of the current situation of the flow of organic matter is the starting point.
Collection, OFMSW, Pilot projects, Sorting, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies
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City Loops project_Mikkeli (Finland): Optimised Implementation Plan – Biowaste
Only 38% of the 6,900 tonnes of bio-waste Mikkeli’s citizens produce yearly is recycled, mainly as compost. Consequently, Mikkeli’s aim within CityLoops is to improve the recovery of nutrients from bio-waste streams into recycled products.
Collection, Pilot projects, Sorting, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies
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City Loops project_Smart collection system tool
Seeking to improve its waste collection practices to separate bio-waste more effectively, Porto implements a Smart Collection System tool based on a mathematical model that will integrate data from the new installed set of smart sensor containers with the transportation trucks.
Collection
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City Loops project_OMSW flow optimisation tool
Software tool for municipalities to model possible scenarios for separate collection of biowaste considering the data on biowaste material flows and quality collected.
Collection
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Metabolic_Exploring circular solutions in the waste system
This report, published by Metabolic, provides a waste analysis of the Capital Region of Denmark.
Circular strategies, Collection, Sorting, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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SCALIBUR project_Sensors for biowaste degradation monitoring
How to monitor the level of degradation of biowaste, in order to prioritise its collection and provide biorefineries with higher-quality feedstock?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Optimised insect fractionation for food and feed applications
How to retrieve the most suitable insect protein for food and feed applications?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Optimised enzyme cocktail to valorise OFMSW
How to optimise the extraction of sugars from biowaste, to better valorise this highly valuable waste stream?
OFMSW, Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Optimised anaerobic digestion process
How to improve the anaerobic digestion process, in order to better valorise sewage sludge?
Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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SCALIBUR project_Novel biopesticide from organic waste
How to create an efficient pesticide that does not harm the environment?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Monitoring system for bio-waste treatment
How to monitor the level of purity of biowaste, in order to provide biorefineries with a satisfaying constant feedstock?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Insect rearing plant
Is there a sustainable way to feed the growing human population that also allows a true valorisation of food waste?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Insect proteins for feed applications
What substitute to traditional protein sources can be used, to ensure farm animals’ feeds are more sustainable?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Extraction of sustainable sugars from organic waste
How can the extraction of sugars from biowaste be optimised, to ensure a broader market uptake of this revalorisation process?
Valorisation technologies
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ECN Data Report 2022_Compost and Digestate for a Circular Bioeconomy
Overview of bio-waste collection, treatment and markets across Europe, with a special focus on compost and digestate.
Sorting, Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Biopolymer (PHA) from sewage sludge & organic residues
As the demand for bioplastic grows, how to produce it in a sustainable way?
Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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SCALIBUR project_Biopesticides from solid state fermentation
After OFMSW is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, how can we valorise the solid residues?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Bioelectrochemical conversion of CO2
How to convert the CO2, in order not to release it into the environment?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Bio-based biodegradable plastic from OFMSW
How to produce a bio-plastic as environmentally sustainable as possible?
Valorisation technologies
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SCALIBUR project_Best practices for biowaste management
In order to help cities improve their management of biowaste, SCALIBUR partners identified best practices for selective collection, transport, sorting and pre-treatment, and characterisation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), HORECA and retail waste and sewage sludge.
Collection, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR project_Algorithm for logistics optimisation
How to optimise the collection of biowaste, to ensure biorefineries have access to a uniform & high-quality feedstock?
Collection
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OECD_Realising the Circular Bioeconomy
This OECD report explore the synergies between bioeconomy and circular economy.
Collection, OFMSW, Valorisation technologies
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PERCAL project_Conversion routes of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste
The PERCAL project, funded by the BBI JU, presents an opportunity to exploit Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) as a feedstock to develop intermediate chemical products at high yield and low impurity level with huge industrial interest.
OFMSW, Valorisation technologies
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Biomass for the Circular Economy
This report provides an overview of the types of biomass and biomass availability on the scale of the Netherlands, Europe and the world, and the available technologies for converting biomass into a range of useful products.
Valorisation technologies
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Zero Waste Europe_Reducing food waste at the local level
This report, published by Zero Waste Europe together with Slow Food, aims at providing support to local municipalities to help reduce food waste through a holistic approach enabling the transition towards a sustainable food system.
Circular strategies, OFMSW
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VALUEWASTE project_Report on the preparation of Educational Campaign in Murcia (Spain)
This report details the content of the communication campaign and the activities carried out in the city of Murcia by the Valuewaste project. The focused on citizens, restaurants and food markets to make sure that they perform a proper separation of biowaste.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Households, Sorting, Stakeholder engagement
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VALUEWASTE project_Kalundborg-Symbiosis: Successful case and role in ValueWaste
This report describes more than 40 years of experiences in Kalundborg working with industrial symbioses.
Circular business models, Collection, Sorting, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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Zero Waste Europe_The story of Milan (Italy)
In 2011, the city of Milan (Italy) took the decision to upgrade its waste management strategy by adopting a comprehensive approach to separately collect food waste. Ten years later, the city is one of the world leading examples regarding food waste collection.
Collection, Sorting
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Zero Waste Europe_The story of Pontevedra (Spain)
Thanks to decentralised composting the province of Pontevedra went from providing no options for bio-waste to a comprehensive and community-based system.
Collection, Sorting, Valorisation technologies
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WaysTUP project_Catalogue of urban biowaste solutions and good practices examples
The aim of this report is to show a catalogue of urban biowaste valorisation solutions and good practices that are taking place in the different European countries.
Collection, Pilot projects, Pretreatment, Sorting, Valorisation technologies, Wastewater
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WaysTUP project_Report on urban biowaste composition & physicochemical characteristics
After having established a common laboratory analysis protocol and methodology for executing waste analysis campaigns in deliverable 1.1, this report (deliverable 1.2) aims to report upon urban biowaste composition and physicochemical characteristics based on this common protocol.
Collection, Pilot projects, Sorting
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WaysTUP project_Laboratory analysis protocol and methodology for executing WAC
The objective of this report is to outline the development of a representative methodology for the conduction of Waste Analysis Campaigns (WACs) of all different types of urban biowaste that are used as feedstocks for the biobased products within the WaysTUP! project.
Collection, Pretreatment, Sorting
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Zero Waste Europe_Community Composting: A Practical Guide for Local Management of Biowaste
This report is a guide for the implementation of community composting.
Collection, Households, Sorting
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SCALIBUR project_Stakeholder engagement plan per pilot municipality
The Horizon 2020 SCALIBUR project aims to develop new circular economy approaches to recycle urban biowaste. This report illustrates SCALIBUR’s understanding of and approach to stakeholder engagement.
Behaviour change, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR_National Action Manual for local uptake (Spain)
The purpose of this manual is to guide the user through the process of engaging stakeholders in their cities’ biowaste value chain. It is based on the experience gained by CSCP in Madrid (Spain) in the framework of the SCALIBUR project.
Behaviour change, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR_National Action Manual for local uptake (Italy)
The purpose of this manual is to guide the user through the process of engaging stakeholders in their cities’ biowaste value chain. It is based on the experience gained by CSCP in Albano Laziale (Italy) in the framework of the SCALIBUR project .
Behaviour change, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR_National Action Manual for local uptake (Greece)
The purpose of this manual is to guide the user through the process of engaging stakeholders in their cities’ biowaste value chain. It is based on the experience gained by CSCP in Kozani (Greece) in the framework of the SCALIBUR project.
Behaviour change, Stakeholder engagement
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VALUEWASTE project_First insights on social acceptance
The VALUEWASTE project proposes an integrated approach in urban biowaste upcycling for the production of high-value bio-based products. A way objective of VALUEWASTE is to improve the perception of citizens on urban biowaste as a local source of valuable materials.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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WaysTUP project_Setting the scope of the behavioural change campaign
This report provides a behavioural change approach for the collection of urban biowaste and acceptance of biowaste derived products with citizens and communities.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance, Stakeholder engagement
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VALUEWASTE project_Evaluation of the citizen awareness campaign
The VALUEWASTE project proposes an integrated approach in urban biowaste upcycling to produce high-value bio-based products. This report presents the work done within the task 10.3 Citizens awareness campaign.
Citizen awareness, Stakeholder engagement
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UrbanWINS project_A Guide on Urban Metabolism and Participatory Processes
This toolkit provides decision makers with relevant information to improve waste prevention and management policies and programs in their cities, based on research and practical work conducted through the UrbanWINS project.
Stakeholder engagement, Urban metabolism
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FORCE project_Handbook for Value Chain Based Partnerships
A practical guide for cities to promote resource efficiency and circular economy policy implementation.
Stakeholder engagement
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FORCE project_A Handbook for Citizen Involvement on Circular Economy
The FORCE project aimed to minimise the leakage of materials from the linear economy and work towards a circular economy. This report identifies five criteria for reaching the objectives of citizen involvement: strategic planning; inclusivity; transparency; continuity and resources dedicated.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Stakeholder engagement
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BLOOM project_Outreach & Engagement Guidebook
The BLOOM project aims to raise awareness of bioeconomy innovation among EU citizens. This guidebook gives an overview of the participatory outreach and engagement methodologies that the Bloom bioeconomy hubs followed.
Behaviour change, Citizen awareness, Stakeholder engagement
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SCALIBUR project_Multi-level stakeholder engagement analysis, including gender, and impact analysis
This report illustrates the multi-stakeholder engagement approach, process and tools adopted in the framework of the SCALIBUR project.
Behaviour change, Circular strategies, Citizen awareness, Consumer acceptance
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Ellen MacArthur Foundation_Cities and circular economy for food
This report from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation highlights the critical importance of cities in triggering the shift towards a regenerative system fit for the long term.
Circular business models, Circular strategies, Urban metabolism
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EEA_Bio-waste in Europe — turning challenges into opportunities
This report provides an overview of bio-waste prevention, generation, collection and treatment in Europe. It aims to support countries by sharing experience and best practice.
Circular business models, Circular strategies, Collection, Legislation, Sorting, Urban metabolism, Valorisation technologies
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Zero Waste Europe_Bio-waste generation in the EU: Current capture levels and future potential
This report estimates the current and future availability of bio-waste in the EU28. There are two major types of bio-waste: garden and food waste. This report focuses on food waste in particular, although calculations also cover bio-waste as a whole.
Collection, OFMSW, Sorting, Valorisation technologies
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